Make It Stick PDF – Peter Brown

Click on the DOWNLOAD button below to download the book Make It Stick PDF, written by Henry L. Roediger III, Mark A. McDaniel, and Peter C. Brown, for free.

People generally go about learning in the wrong ways. Empirical research into how we learn and remember shows that much of what we take for gospel about how to learn turns out to be largely wasted effort. Even college and medical students— whose main job is learning— rely on study techniques that are far from optimal.

Make It Stick PDF – Peter Brown

At the same time, this field of research, which goes back 125 years but has been particularly fruitful in recent years, has yielded a body of insights that constitute a growing science of learning: highly effective, evidence-based strategies to replace less effective but widely accepted practices that are rooted in theory, lore, and intuition. Make It Stick PDF

But there’s a catch: the most effective learning strategies are not intuitive. Two of us, Henry Roediger and Mark McDaniel, are cognitive scientists who have dedicated our careers to the study of learning and memory. Peter Brown is a storyteller.

We have teamed up to explain how learning and memory work, and we do this less by reciting the research than by telling stories of people who have found their way to mastery of complex knowledge and skills. Through these examples, we illuminate the principles of learning that the research shows are highly effective. This book arose in part from a collaboration among eleven cognitive psychologists.

Make It Stick PDF – Peter Brown

In 2002, the James S. McDonnell Foundation of St. Louis, Missouri, in an effort to better bridge the gap between basic knowledge on learning in cognitive psychology and its application in education, awarded a research grant “Applying Cognitive Psychology to Enhance Educational Practice” to Roediger and McDaniel and nine others, with Roediger as the principal investigator.

The team collaborated for ten years on research to translate cognitive science into educational science, and in many respects, this book is a direct result of that work. The researchers and many of their studies are cited in the book, the notes, and our acknowledgments. Several other funders also support Roediger’s and McDaniel’s work, and McDaniel is the co-director of Washington University’s Center for Integrative Research in Learning and Memory. Make It Stick PDF

Most books deal with topics serially— they cover one topic, move on to the next, and so on. We follow this strategy in that each chapter addresses new topics, but we also apply two of the book’s primary learning principles: spaced repetition of key ideas and the interleaving of different but related topics.

Make It Stick PDF – Peter Brown

If learners spread out their study of a topic, returning to it periodically over time, they remember it better. Similarly, if they interleave the study of different topics, they learn each better than if they had studied them one at a time in sequence. Thus, we unabashedly cover key ideas more than once, repeating principles in different contexts across the book. Make It Stick PDF

The reader will remember them better and use them more effectively as a result. This is a book about what people can do for themselves right now to learn better and remember longer. The responsibility for learning rests with every individual.

Teachers and coaches, too, can be more effective right now by helping students understand these principles and by designing them into the learning experience. This is not a book about how education policy or the school system ought to be reformed. Clearly, though, there are policy implications.

For example, college professors at the forefront of applying these strategies in the classroom have experimented with their potential for narrowing the achievement gap in the sciences, and the results of those studies are eye-opening

Make It Stick PDF

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